Ceramic Chemical Structure

Alumina represents the most commonly used ceramic material in industry.

Ceramic chemical structure.

Hardness contributing to resistance against wear. Ceramic composition and properties ceramic composition and properties nonconductivity. Charge balance dictates chemical formula. The two most common chemical bonds for ceramic materials are covalent and ionic.

Typical alumina al 2 o 3 99 5 properties. The bonding of atoms together is much stronger in covalent and ionic bonding than in metallic. Ceramic chemistry studies the relationship between the physical properties of fired ceramics and ceramic glazes and their chemistry. In ionically bonded ceramics bonding electrons are accepted by the electronegative elements such as oxygen and.

The ionic and covalent bonds of ceramics are responsible for many unique properties of these materials such as high hardness high melting points low thermal expansion and good chemical resistance but also for some undesirable characteristics foremost being brittleness which leads to fractures unless the material is toughened by reinforcing agents or by other means. For example the ceramic mineral feldspar one of the components of granite has the formula kalsi 3 o 8. The chemical bonds in ceramics can be covalent ionic or polar covalent depending on the chemical composition of the ceramic. Thermal and electrical.

Mechanical strength in spite of brittleness. They withstand chemical erosion that occurs in other materials subjected to acidic or caustic environments. It provides superior abrasion high temperature and chemical resistance and is also electrically insulating. Although ceramic technicians have long understood many of these relationships the advent of computer software to automate the conversion from batch to formula and analysis has brought this science within the reach of many more people.

Ordinarily ceramics are poor conductors of electricity and therefore make excellent insulators. Silicon dioxide sio 2 other ceramic materials including many minerals have complex and even variable compositions. Ceradyne and ceramic industry disclaim any and all liability from error omissions or inaccuracies in the above chart. These structures and chemical ingredients though various result in universally recognized ceramic like properties of enduring utility including the following.

Silicate ceramics as mentioned previously the silica structure is the basic structure for many ceramics as well as glass. High hardness high compressive strength and chemical inertness. Achieve closest packing. Nonconductivity arises from the lack of free electrons such as those found in metals.

A ceramic material is an inorganic non metallic often crystalline oxide nitride or carbide material. Chemical durability against the deteriorating effects of oxygen water acids bases salts and organic solvents.